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Properties of Elements
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- Elements are pure substance made of only 1 type of atom.
- Each element has properties that can be used to identify it.
- All elements are arranged in rows and columns on the periodic table.
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Discussion Questions
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Before VideoWhat makes a substance different from an element? ANSWER
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Substances are made from different types of atoms. Elements are made of the same types of atoms.
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An atom is the basic unit of matter.
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Atoms are made of protons that have a positive charge, neutrons that have no charge, and electrons that have a negative charge.
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Protons and neutrons are found in the center, called the nucleus. Electrons are found orbiting around the nucleus in areas called energy levels.
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Gold, silver, titanium.
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Salt is made of sodium and chlorine. Sugar is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
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After VideoWhat is an element?ANSWER
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Elements are pure substances that are made of only one type of atom.
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magnetism, conductivity, melting point
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There are 7 rows of the periodic table called periods. The number of each period indicates the number of electron energy levels that are positioned outside the nucleus.
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Fluorine can be found in toothpaste and drinking water. Rechargeable batteries in phones and computers are made of lithium.
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Elements with similar properties will react with other elements of different properties. The position of an element on the periodic table can help to predict how elements will react with others.
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Noble gases are elements in column 18 of the periodic table of elements that share similar properties. They rarely react with anything, but when you pass electricity through them, they glow.
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Vocabulary
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Element
DEFINE
Pure substances made of only one type of atom.
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Atom
DEFINE
The basic unit of matter made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
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Properties
DEFINE
Characteristics of elements that help to identify what they are.
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Period
DEFINE
Repeating rows of the periodic table that demonstrate patterns of how elements are arranged.
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Group
DEFINE
Elements arranged in vertical columns of the periodic table that share the same properties.
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Atomic symbol
DEFINE
An abbreviation for the name of an element on the periodic table.
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Atomic number
DEFINE
The number of protons in the nucleus of each element.
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Atomic mass
DEFINE
The average mass of the nucleus of that element.
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Metals
DEFINE
Elements that are good conductors of electricity and thermal energy and are often solid at room temperature.
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Element
DEFINE
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Reading Material
Download as PDF Download PDF View as Separate PageWHAT ARE ELEMENTS?Elements are pure substances made of only one type of atom. An atom is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. For example, a carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. This gives carbon unique properties that can be used to identify it. There are 118 naturally occurring elements, each one has a different number of protons.
To better understand the properties of elements…
WHAT ARE ELEMENTS?. Elements are pure substances made of only one type of atom. An atom is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. For example, a carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. This gives carbon unique properties that can be used to identify it. There are 118 naturally occurring elements, each one has a different number of protons. To better understand the properties of elements…LET’S BREAK IT DOWN!
Elements are made of the same types of atoms.
Elements are naturally occurring substances that exist in all three states—solid, liquid, and gas. Elements are made of the same types of atoms. For example, oxygen exists naturally as a diatomic element, meaning that it has two oxygen atoms. Each atom is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are positioned in the center of the atom called the nucleus, and electrons are found in the outer portions of the atom called energy levels, or electron orbitals.
Elements are made of the same types of atoms. Elements are naturally occurring substances that exist in all three states—solid, liquid, and gas. Elements are made of the same types of atoms. For example, oxygen exists naturally as a diatomic element, meaning that it has two oxygen atoms. Each atom is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are positioned in the center of the atom called the nucleus, and electrons are found in the outer portions of the atom called energy levels, or electron orbitals.All elements have properties.
All elements have properties. Those properties include, but are not limited to, conductivity, magnetism, melting point, boiling point, color, state of matter, and others. Elements with similar properties are grouped together in different areas of the periodic table of elements. Observing an element’s properties allows scientists to categorize it and also determine its reactivity with other elements. Where the element is positioned on the periodic table will determine how it combines, or doesn’t, with other elements.
All elements have properties. All elements have properties. Those properties include, but are not limited to, conductivity, magnetism, melting point, boiling point, color, state of matter, and others. Elements with similar properties are grouped together in different areas of the periodic table of elements. Observing an element’s properties allows scientists to categorize it and also determine its reactivity with other elements. Where the element is positioned on the periodic table will determine how it combines, or doesn’t, with other elements.Elements are arranged in a pattern on the periodic table.
The pattern in which elements are arranged on the periodic table helps scientists categorize them based on properties and reactivity. Each period (row) of the periodic table is associated with the number of energy levels that orbit a nucleus. Row 1 has one energy level; Row 2 has two energy levels; Row 3 has three energy levels, and so on, up to 7. The number of electrons orbiting the nucleus of an atom will determine how that element interacts with other elements.
Elements are arranged in a pattern on the periodic table. The pattern in which elements are arranged on the periodic table helps scientists categorize them based on properties and reactivity. Each period (row) of the periodic table is associated with the number of energy levels that orbit a nucleus. Row 1 has one energy level; Row 2 has two energy levels; Row 3 has three energy levels, and so on, up to 7. The number of electrons orbiting the nucleus of an atom will determine how that element interacts with other elements.Different groups of elements have different properties.
The properties of elements, including but not limited to density and reactivity, can be predicted based on their arrangement in the periodic table. For example, as you move across a period, density usually increases. Because of this, an equal sized cube of titanium, iron, and copper may all have the same volume but will have different densities. Other properties of elements can be predicted from the periodic table as well including state of matter, reactivity, and conductivity.
Different groups of elements have different properties. The properties of elements, including but not limited to density and reactivity, can be predicted based on their arrangement in the periodic table. For example, as you move across a period, density usually increases. Because of this, an equal sized cube of titanium, iron, and copper may all have the same volume but will have different densities. Other properties of elements can be predicted from the periodic table as well including state of matter, reactivity, and conductivity.Elements are in our everyday lives.
The element lithium is found in lithium batteries that power your phones, computers, and nearly all rechargeable devices. Fluorine atoms can be found in drinking water and toothpaste. It fights cavities and tooth decay. Calcium is needed to form bones and the shells of living things. Bismuth is found in medicine to treat diarrhea and helps people to feel better from an upset stomach. Iodine is used as a skin disinfectant, especially, when someone has surgery. Chromium is used to make shiny rims on new cars. Copper is used inside electrical wire to conduct electricity.
Elements are in our everyday lives. The element lithium is found in lithium batteries that power your phones, computers, and nearly all rechargeable devices. Fluorine atoms can be found in drinking water and toothpaste. It fights cavities and tooth decay. Calcium is needed to form bones and the shells of living things. Bismuth is found in medicine to treat diarrhea and helps people to feel better from an upset stomach. Iodine is used as a skin disinfectant, especially, when someone has surgery. Chromium is used to make shiny rims on new cars. Copper is used inside electrical wire to conduct electricity. -
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What is an element?
Give an example of a metal, non-metal and metalloid. Describe some of their properties.
Name two pieces of information you can know from looking at the periodic table.
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