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Gravitational Forces Between Objects

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- Gravity is an attractive force between ANY two objects.
- The force of gravity depends on the mass of the objects and their distance apart.
- This lesson will also explore the difference between mass and weight.
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Discussion Questions
- Before VideoWhat are some examples of gravity?ANSWER
Some examples of gravity are things falling down to the ground or the force that hold us to Earth.
A force is something that makes another object move (i.e., a push or a pull), like when you push a door open.
Magnets can make some things, such as metal, move without touching them.
Yes, they would hit the ground at the same time because they are the same object.
The Sun’s gravitational force keeps Earth in orbit. Earths gravitational force keeps the Moon in orbit.
Astronauts need to know about gravity because they go out into space where there is no gravity. Construction workers need to know about gravity because they work way up on tall buildings and don’t want to fall. The people who wash the windows on the outside of buildings also need to know about gravity.
- After VideoExplain one way gravity affects objects.ANSWER
Gravity is the force that pull objects to the center of Earth.
The Moon affects the tides on Earth. High tide is caused by the Moon’s gravity.
Gravity is not the same in all places. For example, if you were high up on a mountain, you would weigh less because the force of gravity is less.
Although the Sun is very far way, its size keeps Earth in its orbit because of the gravitational force between the two masses.
Resistance is a force that acts in the opposite direction. If two of the same kind of umbrellas were dropped from the same height at the same time, they would hit the ground together. But if one umbrella were open, it would have more resistance and hit the ground after the one that was closed.
Mass is the amount of matter that makes up an object (number of molecules an object has). Weight is measured on a scale and can change based on the force of gravity.
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Vocabulary
- Gravity DEFINE
A force that accelerates (or pulls) an object toward the center of Earth.
- Mass DEFINE
The amount of matter that makes up an object. Mass does not change based on where you are.
- Weight DEFINE
A measurement that is taken using a scale and is determined by the pull of gravity. Weight can vary based on where you are and the pull of gravity in that area.
- Resistance DEFINE
A measure of a force acting in the opposite direction.
- Acceleration DEFINE
An increase in the rate or speed of something.
- Atmosphere DEFINE
The gases that surround Earth or another planet.
- Newton’s law of universal gravitation DEFINE
Every particle attracts every other particle with a force that is proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them.
- Force DEFINE
Any interaction that can change the motion of an object.
- Galileo DEFINE
An Italian astronomer, physicist, and engineer. He is sometimes known as the “Father of Observational Astronomy.”
- Issac Newton DEFINE
An English mathematician and physicist who is known for formulating the theory of universal gravity. Newton’s three laws are commonly studied in middle and high school.
- Gravity DEFINE
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Reading Material
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DIY Activity Guide
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