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Patterns of Motion & Friction
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- A pattern of motion is the repeated process of an object moving.
- Patterns of motion can be used to make predictions.
- When one surface rubs against another we get friction.
- Friction slows things down.
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Discussion Questions
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Before VideoHow would you describe the motion of a person swinging?ANSWER
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When someone swings, they move forward and back as well as up and down in a repeated pattern on motion. Over time, the swings become shorter and the swing eventually stops.
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The force of friction slows down a book sliding across the floor. It slows it down so much that it comes to a stop!
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When someone goes bungee jumping from a bridge, they fall down, then they move back up. Then they fall down again and back up again. The pattern keeps repeating. They continue to move up and down but in smaller and smaller amounts until they come to a stop.
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The box pushed on the ice would move further because the ice is more slippery than the cement. In more scientific terms, the force of friction between the box and the ice is less than the force of friction between the box and the cement.
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After VideoExplain how the motion of a jump rope creates a predictable pattern.ANSWER
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When Izzy jumps rope, he knows when to jump because the rope moves up, over, down and around him in a repeating pattern.
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We can predict that a ball thrown straight up will fall straight down again because we have likely done it before and noticed a pattern that happens every time.
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The longer the string length, the slower a pendulum swings. The shorter the string length, the faster a pendulum swings.
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No. The difference we see in Izzy's and Zoe's pendulums is because the strings are different lengths. If the length of the pendulum strings were the same, it is predicted that they would all swing with the same pattern of motion.
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Friction is the force that resists motion.
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The force of friction between the sticks creates heat. When the flammable wood gets hot enough, a fire can start.
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One side of the ramp is rougher than the other. The rougher side of the ramp causes more friction, which slows things down.
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Although we want cars to be able to move quickly and smoothly down a road, we also want cars to be safe and not to slide off the road! Tire treads are carefully engineered to grip the road so the car can steer and turn safely. With tires, friction is a good thing.
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Fast motion could include the flapping of a bee's wings, a cheetah running, an airplane flying or a speaker vibrating. Some really slow motions could be a plant growing, a glacier sliding or a snail moving. No matter how slow motion is, it's still motion!
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Vocabulary
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Pendulum
DEFINE
A weight on a string that hangs from a single point. It swings and creates a pattern of motion!
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Motion
DEFINE
The process of an object moving or being moved.
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Pattern
DEFINE
A series of repeating events.
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Pattern of Motion
DEFINE
When a moving object makes the same pattern again and again.
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Outcome
DEFINE
The results of tests after we make predictions.
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Friction
DEFINE
The force resisting motion. It slows things down.
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Sandpaper
DEFINE
A rough material made from pieces of sand glued to paper. Rubbing it on surfaces causes a lot of friction.
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Pendulum
DEFINE
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Reading Material
Download as PDF Download PDF View as Separate PagePATTERN OF MOTION DEFINITIONMotion is the process of an object moving or being moved. Motion that repeats is said to occur in a pattern. We can observe patterns of motion to make predictions about how things will move in the future. The force that slows down moving objects is called friction.
To better understand patterns of motion and friction…
PATTERN OF MOTION DEFINITION. Motion is the process of an object moving or being moved. Motion that repeats is said to occur in a pattern. We can observe patterns of motion to make predictions about how things will move in the future. The force that slows down moving objects is called friction. To better understand patterns of motion and friction…LET’S BREAK IT DOWN!
Force and Motion: A pattern of motion is the repeated processes of an object moving.
Motion can be straight (like an arrow being shot at a target), circular (like a merry-go-round), up and down (like a pogo stick), zig-zag (like skiing), side-to-side (like dancing).
Some motion is a combination, like a swing. When you are swinging you are moving up and down, as well as forward and back. When the same motion repeats over and over, it creates a pattern.
A pendulum is a weight on a string that hangs from a single point. Pendulums swing to create a pattern of motion. The length of the string affects the pattern it creates. For example, short strings swing fast. Pendulums will continue to swing in the same pattern until a force, such as friction, stops them.
Force and Motion: A pattern of motion is the repeated processes of an object moving. Motion can be straight (like an arrow being shot at a target), circular (like a merry-go-round), up and down (like a pogo stick), zig-zag (like skiing), side-to-side (like dancing). Some motion is a combination, like a swing. When you are swinging you are moving up and down, as well as forward and back. When the same motion repeats over and over, it creates a pattern. A pendulum is a weight on a string that hangs from a single point. Pendulums swing to create a pattern of motion. The length of the string affects the pattern it creates. For example, short strings swing fast. Pendulums will continue to swing in the same pattern until a force, such as friction, stops them.Predicting Motion: Patterns of motion can be used to make predictions.
If we know the pattern that a moving object is following, we can make predictions about where it will be in the future. For example, when you jump rope you are using the pattern to predict when to jump.
You can use information from patterns to make lots of predictions, like how many swings you can do at recess or when to swing your baseball bat to hit a ball.
Predicting Motion: Patterns of motion can be used to make predictions. If we know the pattern that a moving object is following, we can make predictions about where it will be in the future. For example, when you jump rope you are using the pattern to predict when to jump. You can use information from patterns to make lots of predictions, like how many swings you can do at recess or when to swing your baseball bat to hit a ball.Types of Friction: When one surface rubs against another we get friction.
When you rub your hands together on a cold day to warm them up, you are using friction.
Friction slows things down and creates heat. All types of matter can cause friction, even air! Air resistance is a form of friction that slows down cars, trains, and airplanes. Scientists design their shape to reduce friction from the air. This is called streamlining.
Types of Friction: When one surface rubs against another we get friction. When you rub your hands together on a cold day to warm them up, you are using friction. Friction slows things down and creates heat. All types of matter can cause friction, even air! Air resistance is a form of friction that slows down cars, trains, and airplanes. Scientists design their shape to reduce friction from the air. This is called streamlining.Effects: Friction slow things down.
Some surfaces cause more friction than others, like rough surfaces. The treads on the bottom of your sneakers keep you from slipping. In this case, friction is beneficial.
Sometimes you want less friction. Air resistance is a form of friction that slows down all moving objects. Cars, trains, and airplanes are designed to reduce air resistance. This is called streamlining.
Another way to reduce friction is to change the types of materials that contact each other. If you have a squeaky door hinge, the noise is created when parts of door rub against each other. Adding a lubricant, such as oil or grease, will make the squeak go away.
Effects: Friction slow things down. Some surfaces cause more friction than others, like rough surfaces. The treads on the bottom of your sneakers keep you from slipping. In this case, friction is beneficial. Sometimes you want less friction. Air resistance is a form of friction that slows down all moving objects. Cars, trains, and airplanes are designed to reduce air resistance. This is called streamlining. Another way to reduce friction is to change the types of materials that contact each other. If you have a squeaky door hinge, the noise is created when parts of door rub against each other. Adding a lubricant, such as oil or grease, will make the squeak go away. -
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How does friction affect motion?
List 3 different types of motion.
How does a pendulum’s swing change if its string is made shorter? What about longer?
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