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Multiplying Fractions by Whole Numbers
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- Show answers to discussion questions
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- A fraction represents part of a whole.
- We can apply what we know about multiplication to fractions.
- Fractions greater than 1 can be simplified to a mixed number.
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Discussion Questions
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Before VideoHow are addition and multiplication connected?ANSWER
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Multiplication is a shorthand way of writing repeated addition. 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 4 x 3.
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The denominator shows the total number of equal parts in the whole. The numerator shows how many of those equal parts we have or are talking about. In the fraction [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] the 3 shows there are 3 equal parts, and this fraction represents 2 of the 3 equal parts.
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[ggfrac]1/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/5[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]3/5[/ggfrac]. I added the numerators and kept the same denominator, 5.
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[ggfrac]1/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/3[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]5/3[/ggfrac]. I added the numerators and kept the same denominator.
[ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] = ? [ggfrac]1/4[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/4[/ggfrac] +[ggfrac]1/4[/ggfrac] = ?
ANSWER-
[ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/5[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]8/5[/ggfrac]. [ggfrac]5/5[/ggfrac] is equal to 1. [ggfrac]8/5[/ggfrac] has three more fifths than [ggfrac]5/5[/ggfrac] so [ggfrac]8/5[/ggfrac] is greater than 1.
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After VideoHow would you write [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac]+ [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac] as a multiplication problem?ANSWER
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5 x [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac]
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Yes it would be the same. Sample answer: I would multiply 20 x [ggfrac]2/9[/ggfrac] because I think it would take less time than adding.
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Gita is wrong. She multiplied both the numerator and the denominator of the fraction by 4. She should have just multiplied the numerator by 4 and kept the denominator the same.
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Husam is wrong. 6 x [ggfrac]1/3[/ggfrac] is [ggfrac]6/3[/ggfrac] or 2 and 2 is not less than 1.
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Sample answer: 2; 9; 10
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Vocabulary
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Fraction
DEFINE
A fraction represents a part of a whole.
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Denominator
DEFINE
The denominator of a fraction is the number below the line. The denominator shows the total number of equal parts in the whole.
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Numerator
DEFINE
The numerator of a fraction is the number above the line. The numerator shows how many equal parts of the whole the fraction represents.
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Unit Fraction
DEFINE
A fraction where the numerator is 1.
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Fraction greater than 1
DEFINE
A fraction greater than 1 is a fraction where the numerator is greater than the denominator. A fraction greater than 1 represents an amount greater than one whole.
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Mixed Number
DEFINE
A mixed number is a number that includes both a whole number and a fraction.
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Whole
DEFINE
The whole is 1 of something such as 1 circle or 1 unit on a number line.
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Equal Parts
DEFINE
Equal parts are parts of the same size that the whole is divided into.
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Fraction
DEFINE
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Reading Material
Download as PDF Download PDF View as Separate PageWHAT IS MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS BY WHOLE NUMBERS?Students connect repeated addition of fractions to multiplying fractions by whole numbers. After exploring examples in many different contexts where a fraction is multiplied by a whole number, they develop the following rule: Multiply the whole number by the fraction’s numerator and keep the fraction’s denominator.
To better understand multiplying fractions by whole numbers…
WHAT IS MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS BY WHOLE NUMBERS?. Students connect repeated addition of fractions to multiplying fractions by whole numbers. After exploring examples in many different contexts where a fraction is multiplied by a whole number, they develop the following rule: Multiply the whole number by the fraction’s numerator and keep the fraction’s denominator. To better understand multiplying fractions by whole numbers…LET’S BREAK IT DOWN!
Planning a Pizza Party for 8 People
Multiplying fractions by whole numbers can help you determine how many pizzas to order for a pizza party. Let’s say you were having 7 friends over for a pizza party and you want to eat too, how many pies do you need to order if everyone will get one slice? We can figure this out by thinking of a pizza slice as a fraction. Since pizzas are cut into 8 pieces, one pizza slice can be represented by the fraction [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac]. Since we need 8 of those fractions, we can represent that as [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] which is equal to [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac]. The fraction [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] is the same as the whole number 1. We can also represent that repeated addition as 8 × [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] which is still equal to [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] (one pizza). Remember that multiplication is just repeated addition. Try this one yourself: Let’s say 24 total people will be at the party and each person will get one slice, how many pizzas do you need to order in that case?
Planning a Pizza Party for 8 People Multiplying fractions by whole numbers can help you determine how many pizzas to order for a pizza party. Let’s say you were having 7 friends over for a pizza party and you want to eat too, how many pies do you need to order if everyone will get one slice? We can figure this out by thinking of a pizza slice as a fraction. Since pizzas are cut into 8 pieces, one pizza slice can be represented by the fraction [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac]. Since we need 8 of those fractions, we can represent that as [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] which is equal to [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac]. The fraction [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] is the same as the whole number 1. We can also represent that repeated addition as 8 × [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] which is still equal to [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] (one pizza). Remember that multiplication is just repeated addition. Try this one yourself: Let’s say 24 total people will be at the party and each person will get one slice, how many pizzas do you need to order in that case?Planning a Pizza Party for 32 People
Let’s say you want to have a really big pizza party with 32 guests. How many pizzas do you need to order if everyone will get one slice? Since pizzas are cut into 8 pieces, one pizza slice can be represented by the fraction [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac]. For our party, we need 32 of those fractions. We can represent that by writing an expression where [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] is written 32 times. That’s a lot of writing to do. A simpler way to represent it is by using multiplication: 32 × [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac]. We would multiply 32 × 1 to get the numerator and keep the denominator 8. 32 × [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac]. Now we probably don’t want to call the pizza place and say we want [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac] pizzas. So we need to simplify the fraction [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac]. Since 8 four times is 32, [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac] is [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac]. And [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4. So now we know for our 32 guests we need 4 pizzas. Try this one yourself: Let’s say 48 total people will be at the party and each person will get one slice, how many pizzas do you need to order in that case?
Planning a Pizza Party for 32 People Let’s say you want to have a really big pizza party with 32 guests. How many pizzas do you need to order if everyone will get one slice? Since pizzas are cut into 8 pieces, one pizza slice can be represented by the fraction [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac]. For our party, we need 32 of those fractions. We can represent that by writing an expression where [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] is written 32 times. That’s a lot of writing to do. A simpler way to represent it is by using multiplication: 32 × [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac]. We would multiply 32 × 1 to get the numerator and keep the denominator 8. 32 × [ggfrac]1/8[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac]. Now we probably don’t want to call the pizza place and say we want [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac] pizzas. So we need to simplify the fraction [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac]. Since 8 four times is 32, [ggfrac]32/8[/ggfrac] is [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac]. And [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]8/8[/ggfrac] = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4. So now we know for our 32 guests we need 4 pizzas. Try this one yourself: Let’s say 48 total people will be at the party and each person will get one slice, how many pizzas do you need to order in that case?Batches of Cookies
Let’s say you have a cookie recipe that calls for [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] cup of flour for one batch of cookies. You decide you want to make four batches of cookies and want to find out how much flour you will need. So you need to find [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. That’s the same as 4 × [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. We can multiply 4 × 2 to get the numerator of the answer and keep 3 as the denominator. 4 × [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]8/3[/ggfrac]. We need [ggfrac]8/3[/ggfrac] of a cup. It will be much easier to work with this number if we simplify it. [ggfrac]8/3[/ggfrac] can be broken down into [ggfrac]3/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]3/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. Since [ggfrac]3/3[/ggfrac] equals one, that gives us 1 + 1 + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] = 2 [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. You’ll need 2 [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] cups of flour. Try this one yourself: How much flour you’ll need to make 7 small cakes if you need [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac] cup flour to make 1 cake.
Batches of Cookies Let’s say you have a cookie recipe that calls for [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] cup of flour for one batch of cookies. You decide you want to make four batches of cookies and want to find out how much flour you will need. So you need to find [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. That’s the same as 4 × [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. We can multiply 4 × 2 to get the numerator of the answer and keep 3 as the denominator. 4 × [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]8/3[/ggfrac]. We need [ggfrac]8/3[/ggfrac] of a cup. It will be much easier to work with this number if we simplify it. [ggfrac]8/3[/ggfrac] can be broken down into [ggfrac]3/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]3/3[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. Since [ggfrac]3/3[/ggfrac] equals one, that gives us 1 + 1 + [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] = 2 [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac]. You’ll need 2 [ggfrac]2/3[/ggfrac] cups of flour. Try this one yourself: How much flour you’ll need to make 7 small cakes if you need [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac] cup flour to make 1 cake.A Longer Airplane
A Longer Airplane Let’s say you have a model airplane that is 2 [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac] feet long. You want to build a model that is 3 times as long. To find the length of the new airplane model you need to multiply 3 × 2 [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac]. 2 [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac] is a mixed number and it can be written as a fraction greater than 1. 2 [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]2/2[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]2/2[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]5/2[/ggfrac]. Now you can write the multiplication problem as 3 × [ggfrac]5/2[/ggfrac]. To find 3 × [ggfrac]5/2[/ggfrac], you multiply 3 × 5 to get the numerator and keep the denominator the same, 2. 3 × [ggfrac]5/2[/ggfrac] = [ggfrac]15/2[/ggfrac] = 7 [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac] feet. The new model will be 7 [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac] feet long. Try this one yourself: Let’s say you have a model car that is 1 [ggfrac]3/4[/ggfrac] inches long and you make a new model car that is 5 times as long. How long is the new model car? -
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Write [ggfrac]1/4[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/4[/ggfrac] + [ggfrac]1/4[/ggfrac] as a multiplication problem and give the answer.
Camila multiplied 3 x [ggfrac]1/4[/ggfrac] and got [ggfrac]3/12[/ggfrac]. Explain what she did wrong.
Write a short word problem where you would solve 7 x [ggfrac]1/2[/ggfrac]. Give the answer.
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