Walking into a new classroom as a substitute teacher can feel like starting a new job every day. The key to a successful session isn’t necessarily following the lesson plan; ...
An adaptation is a characteristic of a living thing that helps it survive in its environment. An environment includes everything living and non-living in the area that a plant or ...
Group behavior is what animals do with other animals to help them survive. Groups can be large, like a herd of a million wildebeest, or small, like a pride of a few lions. Humans l...
You’re back from winter break. Your students are physically in their seats, but mentally they’re still playing video games in their pajamas. Here’s how to reclaim your classr...
A force is a push or pull. Sometimes forces cause objects to move, and sometimes forces slow, stop, or change the direction of an object’s motion. Gravity is an example of a forc...
A collision happens when one object runs into another. When objects collide, the energy transfers from one object to the other. Energy is the ability to do work (or in more simple...
Weather is the day-to-day variation of the atmosphere’s condition locally. Climate is the variation of weather conditions over long periods of time, usually years....
The Earth moves in two different ways. Earth orbits the sun once a year and rotates on its axis once a day. The Earth’s orbit makes a circle around the sun. At the same time th...
An ecosystem is a community of interacting organisms and their environment. Living things interact with each other and also with non-living things like soil, water and air. Ecosyst...
Energy is the ability to do work, or in more simple terms: energy makes things happen. You use energy to ride your bike, play video games, bake cookies, and drive to school. Energy...
Winter may bring shorter days and cooler temperatures, but it also provides a unique opportunity for young scientists. For kids in Kindergarten to Second grade, the shift in season...
Food is any nutritious substance that people or animals eat to give them energy and building blocks to grow and repair. Our bodies tell us when we need food by feeling hungry. The ...
To understand how plants and animals interact, scientists make diagrams called food chains. A food chain shows a sequence of living things in which one organism eats the one below...
Fossils are the remains or traces of plants and animals that live a long time ago. Fossils help scientists understand what life was like millions of years ago. Some fossils provide...
The spheres are the four subsystems that make up the planet Earth. They are called spheres because they are round, just like the Earth. The four spheres are the geosphere (all th...
It’s February 2nd. Your students are obsessing over a rodent’s weather prediction, and you’re trying to find a way to make it count as a science grade. Here’s how to use th...
February is Heart Health Month. Your hallway is likely covered in construction paper hearts, but your standards say you need to teach actual system interactions. Here’s how to do...
It’s January. It’s dark. Half your class is staring out the window wishing they could sleep until March. Use that energy to actually teach hibernation and animal adaptation les...
A body system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. The human body has 11 body systems. The systems studied in elementary school are usually the c...
Extreme weather is any weather that falls outside of normal patterns. This includes heavy winds, thunderstorms, floods, heat waves, tornados, hurricanes, hail, and blizzards....
Information transfer is the way information is turned into a code and transferred from one place to another. Computers and other electronic devices transfer information in the form...
Traits are your physical characteristics, like your hair or eye color. Every living thing has traits that make it unique. Most traits are passed down from parents, however, they ca...
The Law of Conservation of Matter says that the amount of matter stays the same, even when matter changes form. Sometimes it may seem that matter disappears during a science experi...
A star is an exploding ball of burning gas held together by gravity. Our sun is a star! It produces great amounts of energy in the form of light and heat that provide the perfect ...
We can see because of light. Most light comes from the sun, light bulbs, and lasers. Light is a form of energy that moves in straight lines. It also reflects off things, and that ...
Forces can be applied at a distance through magnetism and static electricity. A magnet is an object that can attract some metals like iron. Static electricity can also attract obje...
The portion of the moon that we can see from Earth on any given night is called the moon’s phase. As the moon orbits around the Earth, sunlight is reflected off the moonR...
Motion is the process of an object moving or being moved. Motion that repeats is said to occur in a pattern. We can observe patterns of motion to make predictions about how thin...
Earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, hurricanes, and tornadoes are all examples of natural disasters. Natural disasters are natural events that can cause great damage. We can’t stop...
Coming back from winter break is hard enough without the pressure of “New Year, New You.” Here’s how to turn vague resolutions into actual data analysis while your co...
Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space. A particle is the smallest possible unit of matter. Understanding that matter is made of tiny particles too small to be seen ...
In a chemical change, a new substance is made, like when you burn a candle. In a physical change, no new substance is made, like when water turns to ice....
A life cycle is a series of stages a living thing goes through during its life. All plants and animals go through life cycles. It is helpful to use diagrams to show the stages, whi...
President’s Day is usually a blizzard of construction paper top hats and trivia nobody remembers. Here’s how to teach actual engineering standards using the monuments we built ...
Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space. Everything you can see and touch is made up of matter. Matter exists in three main forms: solids, liquids, and gases. It also...
Nonrenewable energy sources, like coal, oil, and natural gas, cannot be easily replenished. A renewable energy source can be more easily replenished. Common examples of renewable ...
A landscape describes all the visible features of the Earth’s surface now or in the past. We can learn about Earth’s landscapes from the past by studying rock layers and the fo...
We use our senses to gather information about the world around us. Senses refer to the ability to see, taste, touch, smell, and hear. Our sense receptors send signals to the brain....
A structure is anything made up of parts held together. Plants and animals have many structures that help them survive. Some structures are internal, like the lungs, brain, or hear...
Here’s the truth about substitute teacher lesson plans: most of them fail before the sub even walks in the door. The lesson plan says “continue chapter 7.” The su...
The water cycle is the process of water moving around between the air and land. Or in more scientific terms: the water cycle is the process of water evaporating and condensing on p...
Water is an essential substance needed by all living things. Water quality is a measurement of the condition of water and how clean it is for living things, including humans. The d...
Waves are a pattern of motion that transfer energy from place to place without transferring matter. There are different types of waves. Sound waves travel through air and allow us...
Weathering breaks down the Earth’s surface into smaller pieces. Those pieces are moved in a process called erosion, and deposited somewhere else. Weathering can be caused by wind...
Science is the process of learning about the natural world through observation and experimentation. In science, evidence is #1. People who study science are called scientists and t...
The Pinterest board is failing to contain the classroom energy. Indoor recess is a slow-motion crash coming for your lesson plan. When the winter weather traps everyone insi...
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